forced savings

In practice, this has happened for two reasons: ownership of commodity wealth ( particularly oil and natural gas), and what amounts to forced savings from an export-oriented manufacturing economy, as in the cases of China and Singapore.

实际上，这种情况的发生是出于两个原因：一是拥有大宗商品财富（特别是石油和天然气），二是出口导向型制造业经济体的强制储蓄，例如中国和新加坡。

The Spanish government has forced the savings banks to write down € 50bn in their property portfolios this year.

今年，西班牙政府要求储蓄银行减记500亿欧元的楼市资产。

Besides this, they have to pay a third year extension fee and employers deduct up to one third of their salary as forced savings to prevent them from running away.

除此之外，他们还必须付第三年的延期费用，且他们薪资的三分之一还得被雇主扣为强迫储蓄，以防他们逃跑。

On the other hand, the third year extension fee and forced savings have been legalized.

另一方面, 第三年的延期费与强迫储蓄也已合法化.

Most customers were already in care and some were forced to tap savings or pay penalties for dipping into the bonds.

多数客户已在接受护理。一些客户被迫动用存款，甚至面临罚款，来投资这些债券。